Parallax SX Embedded Controller Instruction Set

The SX instruction set is PIC 16x54 compatible with a few additions....

Use Al Williams Microchip-style mnemonics (cached 20000731) for PIC coding in the SXKey.

Use sxdefs.inc from Richard Ottosen for Scenix coding in MPLAB then program the Hex file to the SX using just about any SX Programmer

Also:

• Stephen Hollands SX Instruction set Excel Spreadsheet
• see the Code Library
• The instructions in opcode order

See also:

• http://elt.sunynassau.edu/~webinfo/DW/Assm_Mnem.htm#top (Cached 20020110141710 )

SX Instruction set table:

	
There are *12* undocumented instructions!
Four new push instructions that push W onto the W, FSR, STATUS, and PC “shadow registers,” which are actually 2-level stacks; 
There appears to be a secret FIFO for saving and restoring values and a breakpoint register or two.

					L A B E L S

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	Label					Description
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

	labelname				global label
	:labelname				local label


						O P E R A T O R S

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	Expression Operator			Description
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

	||					Absolute	Unaries
	+					(no effect)
	-					Negate
	~					Not

	&					And		Binaries
	|					Or
	^					Xor
	+					Add
	-					Subtract
	*					Multiply
	/					Divide
	//					Mod
	<< 					Shift left 
	>>					Shift right (arithmetic)
	><					Reverse bits . Bit Address 
	=< 					Below or equal Conditionals 
	=>					Above or equal
	=					Equal
	<>					Not equal
	<					Below
	>					Above

	(					Begin sub expression
	)					End sub expression

	#					Literal (default radix is decimal)
	$					Hexadecimal (#$ prefixes a hexidecimal literal)
	%					Binary (#% prefixes a binary literal)

						D I R E C T I V E S

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	Directive				Description
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

	DEVICE	setting,setting...		Establish device settings (should precede other directives/instructions)

	ID	wordvalue			Establish device ID

	RESET	address				Assemble 'jmp address' at last location for reset

label	EQU	value				Equate label to value

	ORG	address				Set origin to address

	DS	locations			Define space: origin=origin+locations

	DW	data,data,...			Define word(s)

	MACRO

	WATCH	Variable{.Bit}, Count, Format	allows File Register Variables to be "WATCH"ed when debugging.

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Pre-Defined Symbols
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

******** DEVICE Directive Symbols Set bits in the FUSE register

	- used to establish device parameters
	- multiple DEVICE statements allowed to accomodate parameters


    Example:	DEVICE	SX28L, OSCIN, BOR42
		DEVICE	TURBO, STACKX_OPTIONX, CARRYX, PROTECT

SX18				SX18 native mode				(default: SX18)
SX18L				Same as SX18
SX28				SX28 native mode
SX28L				Same as SX28
SX48				SX48 mode
SX52				SX52 mode

OSCHS3				External crystal/resonator - high-speed level 3	(default: OSCHS3)
OSCHS2				External crystal/resonator - high-speed level 2
OSCHS1				External crystal/resonator - high-speed level 1
OSCXT2				External crystal/resonator - standard level 2
OSCXT1				External crystal/resonator - standard level 1
OSCLP2				External crystal/resonator - low-power level 2
OSCLP1				External crystal/resonator - low-power level 1
OSCRC				External RC network
OSC4MHZ				Internal 4MHz oscillator
OSC1MHZ				Internal 1MHz oscillator
OSC128KHZ			Internal 128KHz oscillator
OSC32KHZ			Internal 32KHz oscillator

DRIVEOFF	   (48/52 only)	OSC2 output drive off (use for clock/osc packs)	(default: on)
FEEDBACKOFF			OSC feedback resistor off (for clock/osc packs)	(default: on)
XTLBUFD		   (48/52 only)	Same as DRIVEOFF
IFBD				Same as FEEDBACKOFF

BOR42				Brownout reset at VDD < 4.2V				(default: Brownout off)
BOR26				Brownout reset at VDD < 2.6V
BOR22				Brownout reset at VDD < 2.2V

TURBO				Turbo mode enabled (1:1 execution)		    (default: 1:4 execution)
STACKX_OPTIONX			Stack is 8 levels, OPTION is 8 bits		    (default: Stack is 2 levels, OPTION is 6 bits)
CARRYX				ADD/SUB uses carry flag				    (default: ADD/SUB ignores Carry flag)
SYNC				Input Syncing enabled - 2-clock delay on inputs	    (default: Input Syncing disabled)
SLEEPCLOCK	   (48/52 only)	Enables clock operation during sleep (fast startup) (default: Clock is disabled during sleep)
WATCHDOG			Watchdog Timer enabled				    (default: Watchdog Timer disabled)
PROTECT				Code Protect enabled				    (default: Code Protect disabled)

DRT18MS		   (48/52 only)	Reset timer (18 ms start-up delay after reset)	    (default: 18 ms)
DRT960MS	   (48/52 only)	Reset timer (960 ms start-up delay after reset)
DRT60MS		   (48/52 only)	Reset timer (60 ms start-up delay after reset)
DRT60US		   (48/52 only)	Reset timer (60 us start-up delay after reset)


******** Dynamic Equates (always reflect current values)

%		=	Current REPT index (=0 if outside of a REPT block)
$		=	Current origin


******** Register/Bit Equates

IND			=	$00			Indirect addressing register

RTCC			=	$01			RTCC register
WREG			=	$01			W register

PC			=	$02			Program counter low-byte register

STATUS			=	$03			Status register
C			=	STATUS.0		Carry bit
DC			=	STATUS.1		Digit carry bit
Z			=	STATUS.2		Zero bit
PD			=	STATUS.3		Power-down bit
TO			=	STATUS.4		Time-out bit
PA0			=	STATUS.5		Page preselect bit 0
PA1			=	STATUS.6		Page preselect bit 1
PA2			=	STATUS.7		Page preselect bit 2

FSR			=	$04			File select register

RA			=	$05			RA i/o register
RB			=	$06			RB i/o register
RC			=	$07			RC i/o register
RD			=	$08			RD i/o register  (48/52 only)
RE			=	$09			RE i/o register  (48/52 only)

******** The Equates Below Are For Write Access Only *********
******** On the SX48/52, add $10 to the Equate for read access *******

TIMER_CAPTURE_LOW	=	$00			Low Timer Capture register    (48/52 only)
TIMER_CAPTURE_HIGH	=	$01			High Timer Capture register   (48/52 only)
TIMER_COMPARE2_LOW	=	$02			Low Timer Compare register 2  (48/52 only)
TIMER_COMPARE2_HIGH	=	$03			High Timer Compare register 2 (48/52 only)
TIMER_COMPARE1_LOW	=	$04			Low Timer Compare register 1  (48/52 only)
TIMER_COMPARE1_HIGH	=	$05			High Timer Compare register 1 (48/52 only)
TIMER_CONTROL_B		=	$06			Timer Control register B      (48/52 only)
TIMER_CONTROL_A		=	$07			Timer Control register A      (48/52 only)
CMP   -or- COMPARATOR	=	$08			Comparator register
WKPEN -or- WAKE_PENDING	=	$09			Wake-up Pending register
WKED  -or- WAKE_EDGE	=	$0A			Wake-up Edge register
WKEN  -or- WAKE_ENABLE	=	$0B			Wake-up Enable register
ST    -or- SCHMITT	=	$0C			Schmitt-Trigger register
LVL   -or- LEVEL	=	$0D			Logic Level register
PLP   -or- PULL_UP	=	$0E			Pull-up resister register
TRIS  -or- DIRECTION	=	$0F			Tristate (direction) register



******** Backward-Compatibility Symbols for Parallax PIC16Cxx Assembler (SPASM.EXE)

		DEVICE Directive Symbols

PIC16C54					PIC16C54 emulation using SX18L	(default: SX18L)
PIC16C55					PIC16C55 emulation using SX28L
PIC16C56					PIC16C56 emulation using SX18L
PIC16C57					PIC16C57 emulation using SX28L
PIC16C58					PIC16C58 emulation using SX18L

HS_OSC						OSCHS3				(default: HS_OSC)
XT_OSC						OSCXT2
LP_OSC						OSCLP1
RC_OSC						OSCRC

WDT_OFF						(no equivalent)			(default: WDT_OFF)
WDT_ON						WATCHDOG

PROTECT_OFF					(no equivalent)			(default: PROTECT_OFF)
PROTECT_ON					PROTECT

		Register Equates

INDIRECT	=	$00			Indirect addressing register
INDF		=	$00

TMR0		=	$01			RTCC register

PCL		=	$02			Program counter low-byte register

PORT_A		=	$05			RA i/o register
PORT_B		=	$06			RB i/o register
PORT_C		=	$07			RC i/o register


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Hex Format:

Low-byte/high-byte (8-bit) format used - byte counts and addresses are doubled.

$0000-$0FFF	=	CODE words
$1000-$100F	=	ID words (nibble-per-word used to make 8 characters)
$1010		=	FUSE word
$1011		=	FUSEX word

Use these macros to program the SX with a '68HC11 like' instruction set

See: